Nuclear system size scan for freeze-out properties in relativistic heavy-ion collisions by using a multiphase transport model

Abstract: A system size scan program was recently proposed for the STAR experiments at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider(RHIC). In this study, we employ a multiphase transport (AMPT) model for considering the bulk properties at the freeze-out stage for $\mathrm{^{{10}B+{10}B}$,} $\mathrm{^{{12}C+{12}C}$,} $\mathrm{^{{16}O+{16}O}$,} $\mathrm{^{{20}Ne+{20}Ne}$,} $\mathrm{^{{40}Ca+{40}Ca}$,} $\mathrm{^{{96}Zr+{96}Zr}$,} and $\mathrm{^{{197}Au+{197}Au}$} collisions at RHIC energies $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ of 200, 20, and 7.7 GeV. The results for $\mathrm{^{{197}Au+{197}Au}$} collisions are comparable with those of previous experimental STAR data. The transverse momentum $p_{T}$ spectra of charged particles ($\pi^{\pm}$, $K^{\pm}$, $p$, and $\bar{p}$) at the kinetic freeze-out stage, based on a blast-wave model, are also discussed. In addition, we use a statistical thermal model to extract the parameters at the chemical freeze-out stage, which agree with those from other thermal model calculations. It was found that there is a competitive relationship between the kinetic freeze-out parameter $T_{kin}$ and the radial expansion velocity $\beta_{T}$, which also agrees with the STAR or ALICE results. We found that the chemical freeze-out strangeness potential $\mu_{s}$ remains constant in all collision systems and that the fireball radius $R$ is dominated by $\left\langle \mathrm{N_{Part}}\right\rangle$, which can be well fitted by a function of $a \left\langle \mathrm{N_{Part}}\right\rangle^{b}$ with $b \approx 1/3$. In addition, we calculated the nuclear modification factors for different collision systems with respect to the $ \mathrm{{}^{10}B} + \mathrm{{}^{10}B}$ system, and found that they present a gradual suppression within a higher $p_{T}$ range from small to large systems.