Observation of the Dalitz Decay $η' \to γe^+e^-$

Abstract: We report the first observation of the Dalitz decay $\eta' \to \gamma e^+e-$, based on a data sample of 1.31 billion $J/\psi$ events collected with the BESIII detector. The $\eta'$ mesons are produced via the $J/\psi \to \gamma \eta'$ decay process. The ratio $\Gamma(\eta' \to \gamma e⁺ e^{-)/\Gamma(\eta'\to\gamma\gamma)$} is measured to be $(2.13\pm0.09(\text{stat.})\pm0.07(\text{sys.}))\times10^{-2}$. This corresponds to a branching fraction ${\cal B}(\eta' \to \gamma e^+e-)= (4.69 \pm0.20(\text{stat.})\pm0.23(\text{sys.}))\times10^{-4}$. The transition form factor is extracted and different expressions are compared to the measured dependence on the $e^+e-$ invariant mass. The results are consistent with the prediction of the Vector Meson Dominance model.